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EH&S E-News and Notes
Archives

Winter'03, No. 7

Stanford University
Environmental Health and Safety
480 Oak Road
Stanford, CA 94305-8007
650-723-0448


C o n t e n t s


Guidelines on Children and Pets in the Workplace

Contributed by
Industrial Hygienist, Esther Luckhardt

The departments of Environmental Health and Safety and Human Resources have collaborated on two new employee and labor relations guidelines concerning the issues of safety and health related to minors and pets and other animals in the workplace at Stanford University. The guidelines were developed in part to address possible health and safety concerns for minors in specific work settings (labs and other potentially hazardous work areas) and the fact that pets and other animals may pose potential health, safety and hygiene issues. Please contact your local human resource officer or EH&S for more information regarding either guidelines:
1) Exclusion of Minors in the Workplace at Stanford University or
2) Restriction of Pets and other Animals in Stanford University Buildings.

Domestic Water Disinfection Change - Fall 2003

Contributed by
Facilities Engineer, Tracy Ingebrigtsen

In the fall of 2003 our drinking water supplier, the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, will switch from chlorine to chloramine disinfection for drinking water. The main reason for the change is to ensure compliance with stricter federal and state water quality regulations.

Chloramine, similar to chlorine, disinfection has many benefits, including protecting customers from bacteria, viruses and most other microbes that can be found in water. Chloramine is a chemical compound formed by the addition of a small amount of ammonia to the chlorine water mix. The disinfection properties of chloramine last longer than chlorine in the distribution system providing increased protection for the water while it is in the reservoirs and pipelines on its way to your tap.

While switching to chloramine disinfection is intended to improve public health overall by lowering disinfection byproducts, some consumers will need to take precautions. At Stanford University the impact of the switch will be felt most by aquaria owners and research involving highly processed water.

Fish and some amphibians and reptiles pass water through their gills directly into the bloodstream. Like chlorine, chloraminated water can do harm if passed directly into the bloodstream of aquaria pets. Chloramine can be removed from water with water treatment products (drops or tablets) or specified carbon filters. These products are readily available at most pet supply stores.

For research using highly processed water, chloramine may need to be removed from the water prior to use. Chloramine removal may be achieved by adjusting or upgrading current filtration and treatment systems. Contact your building or zone manager if you are concerned about a specific piece of equipment in your research space.

Additional information is provided at the Stanford University - Water Department web site: www.stanford.edu/group/water or contact the Chloramine Information Line at 723-8030.

Battery Recycling Program Expanded to Student Housing

Contributed by
Environmental Programs Specialist, Heather Perry

EH&S' award winning Battery Recycling Program recently expanded to include Student Housing Services (SHS). SHS' Health and Safety Coordinator, Don Rust, coordinated with the E-Reps, a student environmental organization, to help establish drop off locations within the residence halls. The new locations will greatly enhance students' ability to easily recycle their used batteries. Residences with drop off locations include Florence Moore Hall, Governor's Corner, Roble Hall, Stern Hall, Wilbur Hall, Manzanita Hall and Slavianskii Dom.

EH&S was awarded the 2002 Environmental Achievement Award by the Federal Environmental Protection Agency for its Battery Recycling and Mercury Thermometer Replacement Programs. For more information about either program please click on the underlined program links.

If you have questions, you may contact Heather Perry at extension 3-1308.

Emergency Exercise 2002 Update

Contributed by
Emergency Planning Manager, Roni Wade

The Stanford Campus Emergency Exercise held in November 2002 provided new learning for the Emergency Preparedness Program Management Team that participated. Exercises are intended for practicing, discovering, and generating renewed commitment for continued improvement. As a result of the active participation and feedback of academic and administrative Satellite Operations Centers (SOCs), we will be updating the written SOC Guidelines document in 2003, and we will also offer special training workshops to support local SOC planning. Contact Roni Wade if you would like to request some special assistance in developing your SOC or department emergency plans.

2003 Pop-Up Calendars

Contributed by
Accounting Administrator, Karla Cassady

Environmental Health & Safety is distributing 2003 pop-up calendars as a small gift to campus colleagues and departments. We like using these fun and convenient calendars to provide quick access to our department and emergency contact information. This calendar's artistic design is a representation of a globe of the earth. It utilizes a photograph of the earth taken from the Space Shuttle. We hope that these pop-up calendars will bring enjoyment and also maintain an open line of communication between the University campus and the EH&S department. If you are interested in obtaining a pop-up calendar, please contact Karla Cassady, by email at kcassady@stanford.edu, or by telephone at 650-724-0794.

Clinical PET Comes to Stanford University

Contributed by
Senior Health Physicist, Mark How

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a fast growing imaging modality within Nuclear Medicine. It is useful in detecting cancer and staging the severity of disease, in cardiovascular disease and in diagnosing neurological disease. PET scanning displays the metabolism of organ systems and so differs from the more common Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), which display the structure of organs. The new device, which has arrived on the Stanford University campus, is a hybrid device that incorporates both PET and CT into a single device. This will enable the creation of fused images that display the anatomy and the diseased area in a single image. The PET/CT scanner looks like a lager version of the now familiar CT scanner. The PET portion of the scanner has a large ring detector, while the CT portion utilizes an x-ray tube and a detector of its own. The patient would lie down on an imaging couch and would then be moved through the doughnut shaped device during an imaging procedure. The new PET/CT scanner is housed in a modular building on the Blake Wilbur parking lot. Final preparations are being made and it is expected that patients may be seen at the new facility by the end of January.

The most commonly used radiopharmaceutical for PET scanning at present is Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). Radioactive Fluorine-18 has a short half-life of 110 minutes. FDG is a valuable tool for use in diagnosing diseases of various types. Because many cancerous tumors have high metabolic rates, they take up more of the FDG than adjacent tissue and so are observed on a PET scan. Staging of cancer severity or monitoring the effectiveness of a therapeutic regimen can be achieved. A diagnostic question in cardiovascular applications is whether areas of the heart muscle are still viable, but have a decreased blood supply, or is the tissue scarred. FDG may be taken up in viable muscle with a decreased blood supply, and so a clinical decision can be made concerning whether to attempt to restore blood supply to a region of the heart through surgery. Neurological diagnoses can be made concerning Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and epilepsy. For more information on PET scanning please try the web site of the Society of Nuclear Medicine.

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